Review on Thermal Performance of Nanofluids With and Without Magnetic Fields in Heat Exchange Devices

Addition of nanoparticles into a fluid can improve the heat transfer performance base in exchangers. In this work, preparation method and process nanofluids are introduced, thermal properties nanofluids, such as conductivity viscosity, discussed deeply. This paper summarizes various theoretical models viscosity nanofluids. A comprehensive literature survey on applications limitations has been compiled. also aims to review natural forced convective characteristics with without magnetic fields. The discussion for focuses non-conventional enclosures electric heaters. effects due variations heated walls investigated. Specific tube trapezoidal ribs, double-tube exchangers, plate exchangers have reviewed presented about transfer. previous results show that inlet temperature obviously affects whereas multi-walled carbon nanotube–water nanofluid shows significant advantages Finally, studies fluids square cavity convection straight corrugated structure under action It is found an Fe 3 O 4 –water enhanced when field applied pressure drop be reduced by around 10%. recommended needs investigated experimentally real channel influence field. addition, alternating reveal any improvements exchange devices. puts forward effective solution improvement equipment serves basic reference